A
quick and uncomprehensive guide to difference in species in the genus
Curcubita:
Pumpkins,
Squash and Zucchini all belong to the genus Cucurbita and all originate
in North and South America.
Cucurbita
maxima usually describes larger pumpkins, Cucurbita moschata for many
Butternut varieties and Cucurbita pepo for many of the small ones,
and squash. Zucchini is usually of the species pepo.
Zucchinis and Courgettes are exactly the same
thing, in the same way that pommes and pomme de terres
are not. They are originally native to North America north of
where pommes originated but quite a distance across the
Atlantic Ocean from where pomme de terres are from, which
is somewhere near France. If you don't speak French then you may
not know what these terms mean, which is a shame as both pommes
and pomme de terres are very delicious and in parts of
Burgundy pomme de terres sometimes have a pomme
sauce. As for zucchinis, and courgettes, they have thinner skins
than pumpkins and squash and tend to be less voracious feeders.
They mature relatively early, compared to their larger cousin
the pumpkin, often in less than 50 days, and don't require quite
as much water - though daily watering at the base of the plant
is recommended in hotter weather when the fruit is forming. You
should avoid too much watering on their leaves as it can lead
to the growth of mildews which they are particularly susceptible
to. You can also try growing them on mounds to provide better
drainage and to avoid too much water sitting on their roots. They
can be more suitable, than pumpkins, to cooler climates such as
Ireland and England as they require a shorter growing season,
but are most successfully grown in plastic hot houses in these
heat challenged environments. When growing in these enclosed environments
it is important to allow bee access especially in the mornings
as they pollinate the flowers and you may not get a good fruit
set if you don't let them in. You can encourage bees by planting
nasturtiums, borage and other flowering herbs nearby.
In subtropical areas such as Brisbane, Queensland,
which is no where near Burgundy, France, zucchini's flourish and
can also be grown successfully in autumn and through winter there
but are susceptible to attacks from cucumber flies, which look
more like a little wasp and 'sting' the fruit and lay eggs in
them which develop and make, particularly the ends of the fruit,
go very rotten. To avoid this you can place some protective netting
over the whole plant, but as with growing them in hothouses you
have to either wait until the fruit had just started to form,
after pollination by bees and the such, or every morning pollinate
them by hand by using a clean paitnbrush with a little moisture
on it and dipping it into all the different flowers before replacing
the netting again. Other than the bugs zucchinis are very easy
to grow. Eden Seed's catalogue recommends an ideal soil PH of
6.5 though and you may have to add lime to achieve this when the
soil is acidic - this is what they call in gardening cricles 'sweetening'
the soil i.e. raising the PH. I've found that a combination of
horse stable manure, pelletted chicken manure, and some lucerne
hay, combined with a good handful of garden lime, provides, pretty
much the right conditions and I've found that I have never really
had to worry about the PH too much.
Cocozelle
Zucchinis: grown during autumn in Brisbane, Australia
This is a very good plant to have growing in
a home garden as you can grow several different varieties which
mature at different stages and thus allow yourself a constant
supply of the vegetable (actually technically a fruit, as with
pumpkins). You should remove zucchinis when they are about the
size of the ones you buy at markets for if you leave them they
can grow rather large and less pleasant, though larger ones can
be used for stuffing and baking.
Other varieties to look out for are Cocozelle,
an old Italian and good subtropical and temperate variety,
Black beauty, which has dark green skin, and Crookneck,
which is a yellow variety. All of these plants take up much less
space than pumpkins but are not that small, so you need to allow
about a meter square for the fully grown plant.
Not Really
a Zucchini...
One of my favourite
zucchinis is not really a zucchini at all, though are more closely
related than pommes and pomme de terres. It is sometimes
called Trombocino and is an Italian heirloom which grows
on vines that are best trained onto a trellis, or such thing,
and which produces many fruit over a long period of time. They
are best picked at about 25 cm or smaller and have a nice mild
flavour, very similar to zucchini. The seed for Trombocino used
to available from Diggers Seed (though I haven't seen it advertised
recently). The vines begin to start fruiting after about 60 days
and it is actually a type of gourd (Cucurbita species). There
is a gourd advertised in an old Eden Seeds catalogue called Ancient,
which may be the same thing.
To check out
if they still sell them, try my Seed Company link on the side
of the page.
More
than one way to cook a zucchini
You can cook
the male flowers of zucchini, one way is to roll them in batter
and fry them in oil. Apparently it's nice, and once you've eaten
your 100th zucchini you'll want new ideas to deal with the plant,
which can become boring after a while. You might also want to
try adding them to vegetarian lasagnas. Simply cut into thin circular
pieces and cook them up with a little with a bit of vegetarian
stock, a few teaspoons of tomato paste carrot, some onion and
red capsicum, along with some other vegies like peas, beans, silverbeet,
spinach and pumpkin then layer them at the bottom, or middle of
your lasagna pasta with cheese sauce between each layer and on
top. You can also slice them lengthwise add olive oil, salt, black
pepper and garlic and fry them on a barbecue or roast them in
the oven until they are soft and tender.